![]() ![]() His first paper also described the application of an x-y plotter device and the use of optical fibers as carriers of UV light. In Kodama’s innovating technique, black and white film was used to mask and accurately determine the region of exposure to UV light, and thus to define each cross section. During his experiments, UV rays were projected, using a mercury lamp, (Toshiba) into a photosensitive-photopolymerizing resin called Tevistar® produced by Teijin. In 1981, he published a paper titled “ A Scheme for Three Dimensional Display by Automatic Fabrication of Three Dimensional Model” and another paper titled “ Automatic Method for Fabricating a Three-Dimensional Plastic Model With Photo-Hardening Polymer” that outlined his work in detail and offering thus the technology openly to the public. Kodama apparently had obstacles in securing funds for additional research and development. ![]() This company opened an affiliated retail outlet named Sculpture, which by mid-1981 had changed its name to Robotic Vision.Īccording to many sources, Hideo Kodama, working at the Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute (Nagoya, Japan), was one of the first to invent the single-beam laser curing approach, In mid-1980, he filed a patent in Japan, which unfortunately expired without proceeding to the examination stage, this being a requirement of the Japanese patent application procedure. Their merger was independent and was called Solid Photography. Dynell merged with United Technologies Corp. Nowadays, the technique is called laminated object manufacturing (LOM). Their invention described the cutting of cross sections, in any soft material available, usually carton or plastic, using either a milling machine or laser, guided by computer control and stacking the sections sequentially, to form a 3D object. As the decade expired, a number of patents regarding solid photography were claimed by Dynell Electronics Corp. Later, Formigraphic became Omtec Replication, and led the development of similar techniques with the help of DARPA funding. At that time, they coded the methodology under the term “photochemical machining.” That company, however, succeeded to present the creation of a 3D object in 1974. In the early 1970s, a company called Formigraphic Engine Co., applied the dual-laser intersection paten, aiming at the first commercially available laser-prototyping machine. From 1967 to 1994, the laser-induced photopolymerization was being developed, but until then no functional 3D printer was offered to the market. His procedure was also based on dual-laser beam scheme. Quite similar to this approach, Swainson filed a patent titled “ Method of Producing a 3D Figure by Holography” in Denmark, in 1967. DuPont had already made available the photopolymerization of resins as a technology in the 1950s. Inside the vat of resin (usual term nowadays), the polymer crosslinked and solidified at the point where the laser beams intersected. During this pioneering experiment, two laser beams with non-similar wavelengths were pointed to intersect in the middle of a transparent container filled with of resin. The attempt took place at the Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus, Ohio, USA. It was back in the late 1960s, when the creation of solid objects using photopolymerized resins was attempted, by employing a laser. Early research and development of making 3D objects An insight is also given on the four dimensions of manufacturing concept.ġ. This paper aims at presenting a review of the additive manufacturing history presenting the major steps that lead to the explosion of this technology, and with a special focus on advanced 3D structures in aerospace and defense applications. The work is underway internationally in order to promote more and more applications of additive manufacturing or automated layering and to lower the costs in such systems. Efforts are underway to apply the automated layering technologies in as many materials as possible, mostly nowadays plastics, reinforced-polymers, and metals can be processed by such systems in order to produce three-dimensional parts. Though not all advanced materials and alloys, can be automatically layered by a rapid prototyping system or machine, several interesting application have seen the light of publicity in many sectors. In the past 20 years, a great progress has been made in additive manufacturing techniques, which has led to numerous applications in aeronautical and defense structures. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |